“Noble history weaves its stories through the stones of Castillo Fortaleza de Archidona, where the echoes of ancient courage still whisper in the wind.”

The Parque Periurbano Sierra de Gracia: Nature and History

The Castillo de Archidona is situated within the Parque Periurbano Sierra de Gracia, a 35.5-hectare nature park that was recognized in 1999 by the Conserjería de Medio Ambiente. The park is not only a natural oasis but also an important historical site. The Castillo de Archidona itself is a Bien de Interés Cultural, a designation that highlights the fort’s significance. The park extends to the Historical-Artistic Ensemble of Archidona, which was recognized in 1980. This ensemble forms a fascinating blend of architecture and nature, surrounded by olive groves and limestone rocks, with whitewashed houses providing a stunning contrast to the green landscape.

Prehistoric History of Archidona

The history of Archidona stretches back to ancient times. Archaeological excavations in the region have uncovered Neolithic and Chalcolithic tools, indicating prehistoric settlement in the area. The town itself began its existence as the Phoenician city of Ascua, later replaced by Iberian settlements with fortifications. When the Romans took over Hispania, they renamed the city to Arcis Domina, meaning “lady of the heights,” due to its strategic location. The fort on Cerro de Gracia is a testament to the Arab presence, with the notable Puerta de la Ciudad and Puerta del Sol, both dating back to this period.

The Conquest by the Count of Osuna and Later Development

In 1462, Archidona was conquered by the Count of Osuna, leading to the expansion of the town beyond the fort’s walls. After the Christian conquest, the urban center was redesigned, with the Plaza Ochavada, an octagonal square from the 18th century, being one of the most striking features. This square, surrounded by white limestone buildings and red bricks, is a beautiful example of architecture from that time.

Monuments of Interest Near the Castillo Fortaleza de Archidona

Near the Castillo Fortaleza de Archidona, there are several monuments that reflect the rich history of the region. The Ermita de Nuestra Señora de Gracia is one of the most remarkable landmarks. This building was originally an Arab mosque, and parts of the original structure are still visible. Additionally, the church with three naves, famous for its 15th-century baptismal font, is a must-see for lovers of history and architecture.